Fascism
Fascism is the idea that all the people of a society should dedicate their lives to the progress of their country and have the responsibility of working for the country and its government and providing services. Fascist societies in history have been highly authoritarian, meaning that human rights are strictly controlled (and often restricted) by the government. Fascist countries are highly nationalistic (http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Fascism/What_Is_Fascism_Gibson.html). In fascist countries, people are forced to work or be punished severely.
Before the establishment of the communist Soviet Union, Russia was not officially a fascist country, although elements of fascism did exist, such as autocratic dictatorship. Due to authoritarian regimes, there was no democracy. While human rights were not restrictive, the fact that Nicholas II had autocratic control meant that he could regulate almost all aspects of the country, including people's way of life.
In Animal Farm, fascism is depicted in a much more extreme manner. To put it into perspective, imagine that Mr. Jones was the dictator of the farm, the rest of the humans made up the government, the farm was the country, and the animals were its citizens. The animals (citizens) were responsible for performing tasks for the benefit of the farm and humans (country and government, respectively), under the complete control of Mr. Jones (dictator). Him and the humans had the "authority" to punish the animals, sometimes severely, if they did not work to their standards. Similarly, Nicholas II in real life had this level of control.
George Orwell has made good connections between the parts of the farm (animals, farm, Mr. Jones and the workers) and the real-life elements of fascism (citizens dedicating their lives to their country, normally under the control of a dictator and government). George Orwell has depicted "fascism" in animal farm in a way that is very similar to real-life fascism.
Before the establishment of the communist Soviet Union, Russia was not officially a fascist country, although elements of fascism did exist, such as autocratic dictatorship. Due to authoritarian regimes, there was no democracy. While human rights were not restrictive, the fact that Nicholas II had autocratic control meant that he could regulate almost all aspects of the country, including people's way of life.
In Animal Farm, fascism is depicted in a much more extreme manner. To put it into perspective, imagine that Mr. Jones was the dictator of the farm, the rest of the humans made up the government, the farm was the country, and the animals were its citizens. The animals (citizens) were responsible for performing tasks for the benefit of the farm and humans (country and government, respectively), under the complete control of Mr. Jones (dictator). Him and the humans had the "authority" to punish the animals, sometimes severely, if they did not work to their standards. Similarly, Nicholas II in real life had this level of control.
George Orwell has made good connections between the parts of the farm (animals, farm, Mr. Jones and the workers) and the real-life elements of fascism (citizens dedicating their lives to their country, normally under the control of a dictator and government). George Orwell has depicted "fascism" in animal farm in a way that is very similar to real-life fascism.